Clinical Interventions in Aging, 15, 2020, pp.1841-1862.
Publisher:
Dove Medical Press
Place of publication:
Macclesfield
Nowadays, the population is rapidly ageing because of increasing life expectancy and decreasing birth rates. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to prepare a comprehensive overview which identifies the activities of daily living (ADLs) that are gradually reduced among patients with dementia, as well as explore the therapies applied in relation to dementia and how they effectively...
(Edited publisher abstract)
Nowadays, the population is rapidly ageing because of increasing life expectancy and decreasing birth rates. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to prepare a comprehensive overview which identifies the activities of daily living (ADLs) that are gradually reduced among patients with dementia, as well as explore the therapies applied in relation to dementia and how they effectively improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients and caregivers. Furthermore, we aim to summarise the ADL activities influenced by therapies and examine the treatment costs and care for patients so that recommendations for research and development (R&D) can be made to improve both the QoL of people with dementia and cost-saving measures. The research focuses on four selected neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, vascular dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, the peer-reviewed English written articles from 2014 to 2019 were searched between September 1 and December 13, 2019. Twenty-seven papers were included in the analysis. The results show that essential assistance occurs in connection with activities: eating, drinking, dressing, bathing, personal hygiene, use of the toilet, and transport. By contrast, shopping or cleaning is not addressed as much. A lower ability to take care of oneself is connected with poor patient health and higher social care costs because the patient requires care from external sources, such as home aid or nurse visits. The challenge that remains is to shift new knowledge from scientific disciplines and connect it with the needs of patients to remove legitimate barriers and increase the acceptance of new solutions by popularisation. Additionally, regarding the burden on caregivers, it would be appropriate to promote this area of education and employment so that family members can use formal caregivers, ensuring them free time and much-needed rest.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
systematic reviews, activities of daily living, costs, dementia, Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, quality of life;
Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 18(3), 2019, p.951–969.
Publisher:
Sage
Case management is generally seen as a way to provide efficient, cost-saving person-centred care for people with dementia by connecting together fragmented services, but the available evidence in favour of its merits is often considered inconclusive, unclear and sketchy. This discussion paper investigates the evidence of the benefit of case management for people with dementia and explores
(Edited publisher abstract)
Case management is generally seen as a way to provide efficient, cost-saving person-centred care for people with dementia by connecting together fragmented services, but the available evidence in favour of its merits is often considered inconclusive, unclear and sketchy. This discussion paper investigates the evidence of the benefit of case management for people with dementia and explores the complexity of the concept and the experiences of its implementation. It offers a comprehensive framework for conceptualising various types of case management and asks the question: who can be a case manager? Building on examples from three European countries it addresses the problem of the expansion and adoption of the case management method. It compares the conventional model of diffusion of innovation with the ideas of interessement and co-constitution and envisions a successful model of case management as a fluid technology that is both friendly and flexible, allowing it to adapt to different settings and systems.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
case management, dementia, person-centred care, models, policy implementation, digital technology, case studies;
The findings of a study conducted by Alzheimer Europe and Bangor University, to better understand the experiences of informal carers of receiving a diagnosis of dementia across five European countries: France, Germany, Poland, Spain and the UK (Scotland). The questionnaire included 57 questions addressing; demographics of the carer and person with dementia; the symptoms that were experienced...
(Edited publisher abstract)
The findings of a study conducted by Alzheimer Europe and Bangor University, to better understand the experiences of informal carers of receiving a diagnosis of dementia across five European countries: France, Germany, Poland, Spain and the UK (Scotland). The questionnaire included 57 questions addressing; demographics of the carer and person with dementia; the symptoms that were experienced and prompted help-seeking; the pathway through the diagnostic process; the experience of the diagnostic process; support and information offered at the time of diagnosis; emotions experienced immediately after the diagnosis and subsequently; and the carers’ experience of their community as 'dementia friendly'. A total of 1,409 carers participated in the study, with just over 200 from Scotland. Carers across Europe reported that diagnosis took an average of 2.1 years from the time of problems being first noticed. Delays to diagnosis included the first professional they saw did not consider anything was wrong and the person with dementia not wanting to seek help. Post-diagnostic support was found to be still a major issue across Europe, with the need for information on coping and living well with dementia and on available services particularly high at 51.1 per cent and 46 per cent respectively.
(Edited publisher abstract)
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(9), 2017, pp.933-939.
Publisher:
Wiley
Objectives: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a commonly used brief cognitive measure. The authors evaluated diagnostic accuracy of subjective ratings of CDT by physicians (with/without specialty in cognitive neurology) and neuropsychologists in discriminating amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and cognitively healthy older adults. They further compared
(Edited publisher abstract)
Objectives: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a commonly used brief cognitive measure. The authors evaluated diagnostic accuracy of subjective ratings of CDT by physicians (with/without specialty in cognitive neurology) and neuropsychologists in discriminating amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and cognitively healthy older adults. They further compared the diagnostic accuracy of subjective categorical ratings with complex scoring of CDT.
Methods: Three cognitive neurologists, three neuropsychologists and six neurology residents without experience in cognitive neurology blinded to the diagnosis rated 187 CDTs (50 mild AD, 49 aMCI and 88 cognitively healthy older adults) using a “yes” (abnormal) versus “suspected” versus “no” (normal) classification. The rating suspected was combined with yes or no to obtain two sets of sensitivity estimates. The authors also used a 17-point CDT rating system.
Results: When using the categorical rating, neuropsychologists had highest sensitivity (89%) in differentiating patients with mild AD (yes/suspected versus no), followed by neurologic residents (80%) and cognitive neurologists (79%). When differentiating patients with aMCI (yes/suspected versus no), the sensitivity was 84% for neuropsychologists, 64% for cognitive neurologists and 62% for residents. The sensitivity using the complex scoring system was 92% in patients with mild AD and 69% in patients with aMCI.
Conclusions: A categorical rating of CDT shows high sensitivity for mild AD even in non-experienced raters. Neuropsychologists outperformed physicians in differentiating patients with aMCI from cognitively healthy older adults (specificity), which was counterbalanced by the lower specificity of their ratings. The diagnostic accuracy was not substantially improved by using complex scoring system.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Social Work and Society: International Online Journal, 10(2), 2012, Online only
Publisher:
University of Bielefeld
Reform of the social services in the Czech Republic faces numerous obstacles in individual care, mainly in residential services. Many different professions participate in these services provided to care recipients. To show how social work may contribute to reforms in this area, the authors present the views of social workers about the care provided within a team of different professionals. A questionnaire survey was used to study the respondents’ readiness to apply the person-centred approach in a group of 560 professionals working in a number of residential facilities for the elderly. The results show that regardless of the organisational context, social workers tend towards the client-centred approach more often than other professionals. The organisational context influences however the perspectives of other professionals.
(Publisher abstract)
Reform of the social services in the Czech Republic faces numerous obstacles in individual care, mainly in residential services. Many different professions participate in these services provided to care recipients. To show how social work may contribute to reforms in this area, the authors present the views of social workers about the care provided within a team of different professionals. A questionnaire survey was used to study the respondents’ readiness to apply the person-centred approach in a group of 560 professionals working in a number of residential facilities for the elderly. The results show that regardless of the organisational context, social workers tend towards the client-centred approach more often than other professionals. The organisational context influences however the perspectives of other professionals.
(Publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
social workers, attitudes, residential care, older people, dementia, social care provision;
Contains examples of successful service provision for older people from 40 countries. The case studies are organised into the following sections: care at home; community support; empowerment; participation; fitness and well-being; income generation; environment; integrated services; mental health; training for elder care; organisation of services; and older women.
Contains examples of successful service provision for older people from 40 countries. The case studies are organised into the following sections: care at home; community support; empowerment; participation; fitness and well-being; income generation; environment; integrated services; mental health; training for elder care; organisation of services; and older women.
Subject terms:
integrated services, management, multidisciplinary services, older people, social work education, staff, staff management, training, user participation, women, community care, dementia, empowerment, environmental factors, health;
Location(s):
Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czech Republic, Ghana, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Japan, Germany, Kenya, Morocco, Netherlands, Mali, Malta, Norway, Pakistan, Mexico, Sweden, Thailand, Singapore, Spain, Ukraine, Sri Lanka, United States, Venezuela, Zimbabwe