This Collection brings together the latest evidence on the quality of care in care homes, and how to improve it, including the importance of leadership, tools and techniques to help people with dementia, and the use of technology. The findings are important for those commissioning, regulating, working and living in care homes. Care homes are responsible for a vulnerable group of people
(Edited publisher abstract)
This Collection brings together the latest evidence on the quality of care in care homes, and how to improve it, including the importance of leadership, tools and techniques to help people with dementia, and the use of technology. The findings are important for those commissioning, regulating, working and living in care homes. Care homes are responsible for a vulnerable group of people with complex health and social care needs. This presents a considerable leadership and care challenge. Care homes need proactive support and engagement from the wider health and care system. And within each home, a well-trained, stable workforce is the key to making improvements. Care homes need to invest in their managers and staff in order to deliver person-centred care, tailored to each individual. Once in place, the evidence shows that this approach can improve the experience of both residents and staff. Importantly, by reducing the involvement of GPs and hospitals, it can be cheaper to deliver. There is a need to improve the care offered to many residents. Good evidence now exists on approaches that can help care homes effectively manage and care for their residents.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
older people, care homes, residential care, adult social care, quality improvement, dementia, leadership, information technology, evidence-based practice;
...on research into the barriers to use by adults with chronic conditions. They analysed 40 papers covering a wide range of health conditions such as dementia, stroke and impaired mobility. The studies included a mixture of assistive technologies. The research team identified six main barriers to the use of assistive technologies: design and function, including lack of user and therapist involvement
(Edited publisher abstract)
Summarises findings of a study exploring why up to seven in ten people abandon their assistive technology. In some cases, this is because their condition has improved, but it can also be because the technology does not meet their needs. Assistive technologies include a diverse range of devices such as prosthetics (artificial body parts such as a leg for after amputation), hearing aids, mobility aids such as wheelchairs and walking sticks, memory/planning aids, communication aids for people unable to use their own voice, and devices to help people use household items. The researchers wanted to identify the barriers that prevent people with chronic conditions using assistive technologies. The researchers reviewed published studies on assistive technologies from around the world. They focussed on research into the barriers to use by adults with chronic conditions. They analysed 40 papers covering a wide range of health conditions such as dementia, stroke and impaired mobility. The studies included a mixture of assistive technologies. The research team identified six main barriers to the use of assistive technologies: design and function, including lack of user and therapist involvement in the design process, lack of options for customising it, high purchase and maintenance costs, and not being easy to use; information and awareness, including a lack of training or instructions; service provision, including a lack of person-centred care; psychological barriers, such as a user’s previous disappointment with the technology; support network, including negative views, and a lack of encouragement to use the technology, from family and carers; and societal barriers, such as stigma.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
assistive technology, telecare, user views, information technology, digital technology;
Background: Dementia prevalence is increasing globally and yet evidence suggest that gaps exist in dementia-specific knowledge among health and social care practitioners. Technological modes of educational delivery may be as effective as traditional education and can provide practitioners with increased accessibility to dementia training. Benefits of digitally based dementia education have been...
(Edited publisher abstract)
Background: Dementia prevalence is increasing globally and yet evidence suggest that gaps exist in dementia-specific knowledge among health and social care practitioners. Technological modes of educational delivery may be as effective as traditional education and can provide practitioners with increased accessibility to dementia training. Benefits of digitally based dementia education have been established including pedagogical strategies that influence dementia knowledge and care attitudes. This review aimed to appraise and synthesise contemporary experimental evidence that evaluated technology-enabled dementia education for health and social care practitioners. Outcomes based on Kirkpatrick’s Model were learner satisfaction; knowledge, skills, and attitudes; behaviours; and results. Methods: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science were among 8 bibliographic databases searched from January 2005 until February 2020. Keywords included dementia and education (and terms for technological modes of education, learning, or training). This study included experimental and quasi-experimental studies. Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument established the overall quality of included studies and pragmatic application of Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool established individual study quality and highlighted methodological features of educational research. Narrative synthesis was conducted as heterogeneous outcome data precluded meta-analysis. Results: This study identified 21 relevant studies: 16 evaluated online dementia education and 5 evaluated computer-based approaches. Most studies used before-after designs and study quality was moderate overall. Most studies reported knowledge-based outcomes with statistically significant findings favouring the training interventions. Positive effects were also observed in studies measuring skills and attitudinal change. Fewer studies reported significant findings for behavioural change and results due to training. Case-based instruction was a frequently described instructional strategy in online dementia education and videos were common information delivery modes. CD-ROM training and simulation activities were described in computer-based dementia education. Discussion: Future emphasis must be placed on teaching and learning methods within technology-enabled dementia education which should be role relevant and incorporate active and interactive learning strategies. Future evaluations will require contextually relevant research methodologies with capacity to address challenges presented by these complex educational programmes and multi-component characteristics.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
dementia, education, social care professionals, health professionals, assistive technology, systematic reviews, training, teaching methods, evaluation, skills, information technology;
GOODALL Gemma, TARALDSEN Kristin, SERRANO J. Artur
Journal article citation:
Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 20(4), 2021, pp.1442-1469.
Publisher:
Sage
There is a growing interest in using technology to provide meaningful activities for people living with dementia. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and explore the different types of digital technologies used in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia. From 1414 articles identified from searches in four databases, 29 articles were included...
(Edited publisher abstract)
There is a growing interest in using technology to provide meaningful activities for people living with dementia. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and explore the different types of digital technologies used in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia. From 1414 articles identified from searches in four databases, 29 articles were included in the review. The inclusion criteria were the study used digital technology to deliver an individually tailored activity to participants with dementia, the process of individualization was described, and findings relating to the mental, physical, social, and/or emotional well-being of the participant were reported. Data extracted from the included studies included participant demographics, aims, methods, and outcomes. The following information on the technology was also extracted: purpose, type, training, facilitation, and the individualization process. A narrative synthesis of the results grouped the various technologies into four main purposes: reminiscence/memory support, behavior management, stimulating engagement, and conversation/communication support. A broad range of technologies were studied, with varying methods of evaluation implemented to assess their effect. Overall, the use of technology in creating individualized, meaningful activities seems to be promising in terms of improving behavior and promoting relationships with others. Furthermore, most studies in this review involved the person with dementia in the individualization process of the technology, indicating that research in this area is adopting a more co-creative and inclusive approach. However, sample sizes of the included studies were small, and there was a lack of standardized outcome measures. Future studies should aim to build a more concrete evidence base by improving the methodological quality of research in this area. Findings from the review indicate that there is also a need for more evidence concerning the feasibility of implementing these technologies into care environments.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
assistive technology, dementia, person-centred care, digital technology, information technology, psychosocial intervention;
Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 20(4), 2021, pp.1470-1495.
Publisher:
Sage
Background: Everyday technologies, such as laptops and tablets, are often used for enjoyment, pleasure, leisure and social participation. Despite this, whilst considerable research has investigated exploring people’s experiences of using assistive technologies, it is not clear how everyday technologies are experienced by individuals living with dementia. The aims of this review were to explore...
(Edited publisher abstract)
Background: Everyday technologies, such as laptops and tablets, are often used for enjoyment, pleasure, leisure and social participation. Despite this, whilst considerable research has investigated exploring people’s experiences of using assistive technologies, it is not clear how everyday technologies are experienced by individuals living with dementia. The aims of this review were to explore the experiences and views of people living with dementia and carers about using everyday technology to enhance their well-being and enjoyment, social engagement, participation and leisure as well as understand their views about the usability of everyday technology in dementia. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases: PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL Complete and EThOS. Five qualitative studies and five mixed-method studies were included and synthesised using a narrative approach. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Qualitative Quality Appraisal, which uncovered key variation in the quality of the included, synthesised studies. Findings: The review suggests that everyday technologies can help support well-being, particularly when technology is used in a group setting and when individuals received the right amount of support to help engage in the technology. Four major themes relating to experiences and views were derived from the findings of the 10 included studies: ‘Technology use maintaining a sense of identity’, ‘Assumptions held by the self and others’, ‘The importance of others’ and ‘The usability of technology influencing effective engagement’. Conclusions: Overall, everyday technologies appear to have a positive impact on different aspects of the well-being of people living with dementia. Clinical implications of these findings include supporting opportunities for people living with dementia to use everyday technology for enjoyment and making these technologies more widely available and accessible.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
dementia, assistive technology, information technology, digital technology, wellbeing, socialisation, participation;
...interaction with people living with dementia or Asperger’s; robotic animals – which can serve as companions to people living with dementia or learning disabilities; digital assistants – voice-controlled devices and services that support people with care needs at home; medicine robots – automated medicine dispensers; and automated call services – to check on vulnerable people, helping local authorities
(Edited publisher abstract)
This report explores how robotic technology offers an opportunity to transform social care in the wake of COVID-19. The pandemic has raised the prominence of technology in care, meaning many workers now have direct experience of how it can help them do their jobs better, faster and with reduced risk. The report argues that now is the time to rethink and reset traditional care service delivery and leaders must adopt a bolder, more ambitious approach to trialling and deploying robotic technologies to help meet the social care needs of vulnerable residents beyond the crisis. The range of technologies available to leaders includes: collaborative robots (‘cobots’) – designed to be used in conjunction with human; semi-humanoid robots – smart robots with human-like characteristics to facilitate social interaction with people living with dementia or Asperger’s; robotic animals – which can serve as companions to people living with dementia or learning disabilities; digital assistants – voice-controlled devices and services that support people with care needs at home; medicine robots – automated medicine dispensers; and automated call services – to check on vulnerable people, helping local authorities remain in touch and respond sooner when a need emerges. The report describes three practical steps leaders can take to capitalise on robotic technology in earnest: define your strategy based on human outcomes; trial technologies with the aim of deploying at scale; and collaborate with the wider social care ecosystem.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
Covid-19, adult social care, artificial intelligence, information technology, assistive technology, older people, dementia, learning disabilities, alarm systems;
Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 21(3), 2020, pp.169-180.
Publisher:
Emerald
Purpose: Interventions aimed at couples where one partner has dementia are often targeting burden, depression and cognitive function and do not focus on relationship and interpersonal issues. Furthermore, interventions within this population do not seem to have embraced a salutogenic and authentic dyadic approach where both partners’ experiences are considered. To address this gap, a self...
(Edited publisher abstract)
Purpose: Interventions aimed at couples where one partner has dementia are often targeting burden, depression and cognitive function and do not focus on relationship and interpersonal issues. Furthermore, interventions within this population do not seem to have embraced a salutogenic and authentic dyadic approach where both partners’ experiences are considered. To address this gap, a self-management app, DemPower, which was piloted and tested among couples where one partner has dementia living at home, has been developed. This study explores couples‘ everyday experiences of engaging with the DemPower. Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews with couples were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: The findings resulted in the following themes: growth of the relationship; we are not alone; and positive approach. The findings indicated that the experiences of a salutogenic and dyadic intervention can contribute to the feelings of empowerment, satisfaction of couples’ achievements and a sense of support through peers and with the intervention itself. Originality/value: The findings of this study indicate that couples where one partner has dementia appreciate interventions that focuses on a salutogenic approach to their everyday life and relationship. The dyadic intervention contributed to feelings of empowerment, satisfaction of couples’ achievements and a sense of support through peers and through the intervention itself. Discussing, inventory and focus on strengths, resources and quality of life can therefore give couples insight in their growth of the relationship and their transitions during the dementia trajectory. Furthermore, this study can serve as an eye opener in health care for the type of support couples need and wishes to receive. This means that care for people with dementia and partners should adopt a more health-promoting approach.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
dementia, information technology, computer apps, self care, partners, intervention;
Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 21(4), 2020, pp.247-252.
Publisher:
Emerald
Purpose: This paper aims to provide an overview of the emerging AgeTech sector and highlight key areas for research and development that have emerged under COVID-19, as well as some of the challenges to real-world implementation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is a commentary on emerging issues in the AgeTech sector, with particular reference to COVID-19. Information used in this paper is drawn from the Canadian AGE-WELL network. Findings: The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly impacted older adults. Technology has increasingly been seen as a solution to support older adults during this time. AgeTech refers to the use of existing and emerging advanced technologies, such as digital media, information and communication technologies (ICTs), mobile technologies, wearables and smart home systems, to help keep older adults connected and to deliver health and community services. Research limitations/implications: Despite the potential of AgeTech, key challenges remain such as structural barriers to larger-scale implementation, the need to focus on quality of service rather than crisis management and addressing the digital divide. Practical implications: AgeTech helps older adults to stay healthy and active, increases their safety and security, supports independent living and reduces isolation. In particular, technology can support older adults and caregivers in their own homes and communities and meet the desire of most older adults to age in place. Social implications: AgeTech is helpful in assisting older adults to stay connected. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of the informal social connections and supports within families, communities and voluntary organizations. Originality/value: The last months have seen a huge upsurge in COVID-19-related research and development, as funding organizations, research institutions and companies pivot to meet the challenges thrown up by the pandemic. This paper looks at the potential role of technology to support older adults and caregivers.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Purpose: This paper aims to provide an overview of the emerging AgeTech sector and highlight key areas for research and development that have emerged under COVID-19, as well as some of the challenges to real-world implementation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is a commentary on emerging issues in the AgeTech sector, with particular reference to COVID-19. Information used in this paper is drawn from the Canadian AGE-WELL network. Findings: The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly impacted older adults. Technology has increasingly been seen as a solution to support older adults during this time. AgeTech refers to the use of existing and emerging advanced technologies, such as digital media, information and communication technologies (ICTs), mobile technologies, wearables and smart home systems, to help keep older adults connected and to deliver health and community services. Research limitations/implications: Despite the potential of AgeTech, key challenges remain such as structural barriers to larger-scale implementation, the need to focus on quality of service rather than crisis management and addressing the digital divide. Practical implications: AgeTech helps older adults to stay healthy and active, increases their safety and security, supports independent living and reduces isolation. In particular, technology can support older adults and caregivers in their own homes and communities and meet the desire of most older adults to age in place. Social implications: AgeTech is helpful in assisting older adults to stay connected. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of the informal social connections and supports within families, communities and voluntary organizations. Originality/value: The last months have seen a huge upsurge in COVID-19-related research and development, as funding organizations, research institutions and companies pivot to meet the challenges thrown up by the pandemic. This paper looks at the potential role of technology to support older adults and caregivers.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
information technology, digital technology, older people, Covid-19, dementia, telehealth, social isolation, assistive technology;
Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 62(4), 2019, pp.432-450.
Publisher:
Taylor and Francis
Place of publication:
Philadelphia, USA
Technologies designed to support caregivers of adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/RD) have been developing at an increasingly rapid pace. However, little remains known about caregivers’ perspectives on how technologies can and should help them navigate larger service systems they interact with to engage in caregiving. This study involved in-depth interviews and a beta test
(Edited publisher abstract)
Technologies designed to support caregivers of adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/RD) have been developing at an increasingly rapid pace. However, little remains known about caregivers’ perspectives on how technologies can and should help them navigate larger service systems they interact with to engage in caregiving. This study involved in-depth interviews and a beta test of an AD/RD caregiver app to learn more about how they currently use technologies and how potential technological features and functions can best meet their needs. Thematic findings suggest a conceptual model for designing AD/RD caregiver technologies. The findings suggest that eHealth and individual technologies may not fully meet the needs of caregivers as they navigate the larger systems within which they provide care. Findings highlight the need to develop technologies for caregivers that are effective, easy to use, and more widely disseminated – especially for caregivers from disadvantaged backgrounds.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
dementia, digital technology, information technology, carers, qualitative research, Alzheimers disease, service brokerage, user views, models, low income;
Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 18(2), 2019, pp.725-741.
Publisher:
Sage
The extent to which technology may be able to support people with dementia and their carers along the care pathway and in different care settings is of interest to policy makers and governments. In this paper the authors provide an overview of the role of technology in dementia care, treatment and support by mapping existing technologies – by function, target user and disease progression...
(Edited publisher abstract)
The extent to which technology may be able to support people with dementia and their carers along the care pathway and in different care settings is of interest to policy makers and governments. In this paper the authors provide an overview of the role of technology in dementia care, treatment and support by mapping existing technologies – by function, target user and disease progression. Technologies identified are classified into seven functions: memory support, treatment, safety and security, training, care delivery, social interaction and other. Different groups of potential users are distinguished: people with mild cognitive impairment and early stages of dementia, people with moderate to severe dementia and unpaid carers and health- and social care professionals. The authors also identified the care settings, in which the technologies are used (or for which the technologies are developed): at home in the community and in institutional care settings. The evidence has been drawn from a rapid review of the literature, expert interviews and web and social media searches. The largest number of technologies identified aim to enhance the safety and security of people with dementia living in the community. These devices are often passive monitors, such as smoke detectors. Other safety interventions, such as panic buttons, require active intervention. The second largest number of interventions aims to enhance people’s memory and includes global positioning systems devices and voice prompts. These technologies mostly target people in the early stages of dementia. A third group focusing on treatment and care delivery emerged from the literature. These interventions focus on technology-aided reminiscence or therapeutic aspects of care for people with dementia and their carers. While the review found a range of technologies available for people with dementia and carers there is very little evidence of widespread practical application. Instead, it appears that stakeholders frequently rely on everyday technologies re-purposed to meet their needs.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
dementia, carers, treatment, health care, social care, digital technology, literature reviews, telecare, assistive technology, information technology, care pathways, home care, residential care;